[PDF][PDF] Hematopoietic signaling mechanism revealed from a stem/progenitor cell cistrome

KJ Hewitt, DH Kim, P Devadas, R Prathibha, C Zuo… - Molecular cell, 2015 - cell.com
KJ Hewitt, DH Kim, P Devadas, R Prathibha, C Zuo, R Sanalkumar, KD Johnson, YA Kang
Molecular cell, 2015cell.com
Thousands of cis-elements in genomes are predicted to have vital functions. Although
conservation, activity in surrogate assays, polymorphisms, and disease mutations provide
functional clues, deletion from endogenous loci constitutes the gold-standard test. A GATA-2-
binding, Gata2 intronic cis-element (+ 9.5) required for hematopoietic stem cell genesis in
mice is mutated in a human immunodeficiency syndrome. Because+ 9.5 is the only cis-
element known to mediate stem cell genesis, we devised a strategy to identify functionally …
Summary
Thousands of cis-elements in genomes are predicted to have vital functions. Although conservation, activity in surrogate assays, polymorphisms, and disease mutations provide functional clues, deletion from endogenous loci constitutes the gold-standard test. A GATA-2-binding, Gata2 intronic cis-element (+9.5) required for hematopoietic stem cell genesis in mice is mutated in a human immunodeficiency syndrome. Because +9.5 is the only cis-element known to mediate stem cell genesis, we devised a strategy to identify functionally comparable enhancers ("+9.5-like") genome-wide. Gene editing revealed +9.5-like activity to mediate GATA-2 occupancy, chromatin opening, and transcriptional activation. A +9.5-like element resided in Samd14, which encodes a protein of unknown function. Samd14 increased hematopoietic progenitor levels/activity and promoted signaling by a pathway vital for hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell regulation (stem cell factor/c-Kit), and c-Kit rescued Samd14 loss-of-function phenotypes. Thus, the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell cistrome revealed a mediator of a signaling pathway that has broad importance for stem/progenitor cell biology.
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