A Dominant STIM 1 Mutation Causes S tormorken Syndrome

D Misceo, A Holmgren, WE Louch, PA Holme… - Human …, 2014 - Wiley Online Library
D Misceo, A Holmgren, WE Louch, PA Holme, M Mizobuchi, RJ Morales, AM De Paula…
Human mutation, 2014Wiley Online Library
ABSTRACT S tormorken syndrome is a rare autosomal‐dominant disease with mild
bleeding tendency, thrombocytopathy, thrombocytopenia, mild anemia, asplenia, tubular
aggregate myopathy, miosis, headache, and ichthyosis. A heterozygous missense mutation
in STIM 1 exon 7 (c. 910 C> T; p. A rg304 T rp)(NM _003156. 3) was found to segregate with
the disease in six S tormorken syndrome patients in four families. Upon sensing C a2+
depletion in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen, STIM 1 undergoes a conformational change …
Abstract
Stormorken syndrome is a rare autosomal‐dominant disease with mild bleeding tendency, thrombocytopathy, thrombocytopenia, mild anemia, asplenia, tubular aggregate myopathy, miosis, headache, and ichthyosis. A heterozygous missense mutation in STIM1 exon 7 (c.910C>T; p.Arg304Trp) (NM_003156.3) was found to segregate with the disease in six Stormorken syndrome patients in four families. Upon sensing Ca2+ depletion in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen, STIM1 undergoes a conformational change enabling it to interact with and open ORAI1, a Ca2+ release‐activated Ca2+ channel located in the plasma membrane. The STIM1 mutation found in Stormorken syndrome patients is located in the coiled‐coil 1 domain, which might play a role in keeping STIM1 inactive. In agreement with a possible gain‐of‐function mutation in STIM1, blood platelets from patients were in a preactivated state with high exposure of aminophospholipids on the outer surface of the plasma membrane. Resting Ca2+ levels were elevated in platelets from the patients compared with controls, and store‐operated Ca2+ entry was markedly attenuated, further supporting constitutive activity of STIM1 and ORAI1. Thus, our data are compatible with a near‐maximal activation of STIM1 in Stormorken syndrome patients. We conclude that the heterozygous mutation c.910C>T causes the complex phenotype that defines this syndrome.
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